====== 이원배치법 (혼합모형) (반복있음) ====== ===== 데이터 구조 ===== [[인자]] $A$ 는 [[모수인자]] [[인자]] $B$ 는 [[변량인자]] $$y_{ijk} = \mu + a_{i} + b_{j} + (ab)_{ij} + e_{ijk}$$ * $y_{ijk}$ : $A_{i}$와 $B_{j}$에서 얻은 $k$ 번째 [[측정값]] * $\mu$ : 실험전체의 [[모평균]] * $a_{i}$ : $A_{i}$가 주는 효과 * $b_{j}$ : $B_{j}$가 주는 효과 ( $b_{j} \sim N(0, \sigma_{B}^{ \ 2})$ 이고 서로 [[독립]]) * $(ab)_{ij}$ : $A_{i}$와 $B_{j}$의 [[교호작용]] 효과 $\left( \sum_{i=1}^{l}(ab)_{ij}=0 \ , \ \sum_{j=1}^{m}(ab)_{ij} \neq 0 \right)$ * $e_{ijk}$ : $A_{i}$와 $B_{j}$에서 얻은 $k$번째 [[측정값]]의 [[오차]] ( $e_{ijk} \sim N(0, \sigma_{E}^{ \ 2})$ 이고 서로 [[독립]]) * $i$ : [[인자]] $A$의 [[수준]] 수 $( i = 1,2, \cdots ,l )$ * $j$ : [[인자]] $B$의 [[수준]] 수 $( j = 1,2, \cdots ,m )$ * $k$ : 실험의 [[반복]] 수 $( j = 1,2, \cdots ,r )$ ===== 자료의 구조 ===== ^ [[인자]]\\ $B$ ^ [[인자]] $A$ ^^^^^^^ 합계 ^ [[평균]] | ^:::^ $$A_{1}$$ ^^ $$A_{2}$$ ^^ $$\cdots$$ ^ $$A_{l}$$ ^^:::^:::| ^ $$B_{1}$$ | $$y_{111}$$ | $$T_{11.}$$ | $$y_{211}$$ | $$T_{21.}$$ | $$\cdots$$ | $$y_{l11}$$ | $$T_{l1.}$$ | $$T_{.1.}$$ | $$\overline{y}_{.1.}$$ | |:::| $$y_{112}$$ |:::| $$y_{212}$$ |:::|:::| $$y_{l12}$$ |:::|:::|:::| |:::| $$\vdots$$ | $$\overline{y}_{11.}$$ | $$\vdots$$ | $$\overline{y}_{21.}$$ |:::| $$\vdots$$ | $$\overline{y}_{l1.}$$ |:::|:::| |:::| $$y_{11r}$$ |:::| $$y_{21r}$$ |:::|:::| $$y_{l1r}$$ |:::|:::|:::| ^ $$B_{2}$$ | $$y_{121}$$ | $$T_{12.}$$ | $$y_{221}$$ | $$T_{22.}$$ | $$\cdots$$ | $$y_{l21}$$ | $$T_{l2.}$$ | $$T_{.2.}$$ | $$\overline{y}_{.2.}$$ | |:::| $$y_{122}$$ |:::| $$y_{222}$$ |:::|:::| $$y_{l22}$$ |:::|:::|:::| |:::| $$\vdots$$ | $$\overline{y}_{12.}$$ | $$\vdots$$ | $$\overline{y}_{22.}$$ |:::| $$\vdots$$ | $$\overline{y}_{l2.}$$ | :::|:::| |:::| $$y_{12r}$$ |:::| $$y_{22r}$$ |:::|:::| $$y_{l2r}$$ |:::|:::|:::| ^ $$\vdots$$ | $$\vdots$$ || $$\vdots$$ || $$\vdots$$ | $$\vdots$$ || $$\vdots$$ | $$\vdots$$ | ^ $$B_{m}$$ | $$y_{1m1}$$ | $$T_{1m.}$$ | $$y_{2m1}$$ | $$T_{2m.}$$ | $$\cdots$$ | $$y_{lm1}$$ | $$T_{lm.}$$ | $$T_{.m.}$$ | $$\overline{y}_{.m.}$$ | |:::| $$y_{1m2}$$ |:::| $$y_{2m2}$$ |:::|:::| $$y_{lm2}$$ |:::|:::|:::| |:::| $$\vdots$$ | $$\overline{y}_{1m.}$$ | $$\vdots$$ | $$\overline{y}_{2m.}$$ |:::| $$\vdots$$ | $$\overline{y}_{lm.}$$ |:::|:::| |:::| $$y_{1mr}$$ |:::| $$y_{2mr}$$ |:::|:::| $$y_{lmr}$$ |:::|:::|:::| ^ 합계 ^ $$T_{1..}$$ ^^ $$T_{2..}$$ ^^ $$\cdots$$ ^ $$T_{l..}$$ ^^ $$T$$ ^ ^ ^ [[평균]] ^ $$\overline{y}_{1..}$$ ^^ $$\overline{y}_{2..}$$ ^^ $$\cdots$$ ^ $$\overline{y}_{l..}$$ ^^ ^ $$\overline{\overline{y}}$$ ^ | $$T_{i..} = \sum_{j=1}^{m} \sum_{k=1}^{r} y_{ijk}$$ | $$\overline{y}_{i..} = \frac{T_{i..}}{mr}$$ | | $$T_{.j.} = \sum_{i=1}^{l} \sum_{k=1}^{r} y_{ijk}$$ | $$\overline{y}_{.j.} = \frac{T_{.j.}}{lr}$$ | | $$T_{ij.} = \sum_{k=1}^{r} y_{ijk}$$ | $$\overline{y}_{ij.} = \frac{T_{ij.}}{r}$$ | | $$T = \sum_{i=1}^{l} \sum_{j=1}^{m} \sum_{k=1}^{r} y_{ijk}$$ | $$\overline{\overline{y}} = \frac{T}{lmr} = \frac{T}{N}$$ | | $$N = lmr$$ | $$CT = \frac{T^{2}}{lmr} = \frac{T^{2}}{N}$$ | ===== 제곱합 ===== 개개의 데이터 $y_{ijk}$와 총평균 $\overline{\overline{y}}$의 차이는 다음과 같이 네 부분으로 나뉘어진다. $$(y_{ijk}-\overline{\overline{y}})=(y_{i..}-\overline{\overline{y}})+(y_{.j.}-\overline{\overline{y}})+(\overline{y}_{ij.}-\overline{y}_{i..}-\overline{y}_{.j.}+\overline{\overline{y}})+(y_{ijk}-\overline{y}_{ij.})$$ 양변을 제곱한 후에 모든 $i, \ j, \ k$에 대하여 합하면 아래의 등식을 얻을 수 있다. $$\begin{displaymath}\begin{split} \sum_{i=1}^{l}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{r}(y_{ijk}-\overline{\overline{y}})^{2} &= \sum_{i=1}^{l}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{r}(y_{i..}-\overline{\overline{y}})^{2}+\sum_{i=1}^{l}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{r}(y_{.j.}-\overline{\overline{y}})^{2}+\sum_{i=1}^{l}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{r}(\overline{y}_{ij.}-\overline{y}_{i..}-\overline{y}_{.j.}+\overline{\overline{y}})^{2} \\ &+ \sum_{i=1}^{l}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{r}(y_{ijk}-\overline{y}_{ij.})^{2} \end{split}\end{displaymath}$$ 위 식에서 왼쪽 항은 총변동 $S_{T}$이고, 오른쪽 항은 차례대로 $A$의 [[변동]], $B$의 [[변동]], $A, \ B$의 [[교호작용]]의 변동 [[오차변동]]인 $S_{A}$, $S_{B}$, $S_{A \times B}$, $S_{E}$가 된다. $$\begin{displaymath}\begin{split} S_{T} &= \sum_{i=1}^{l}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{r}(y_{ijk}-\overline{\overline{y}})^{2} \\ &= \sum_{i=1}^{l}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{r}y_{ijk}^{ \ 2} - CT \end{split}\end{displaymath}$$ $$\begin{displaymath}\begin{split} S_{A} &= \sum_{i=1}^{l}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{r}(y_{i..}-\overline{\overline{y}})^{2} \\ &= \sum_{i=1}^{l}\frac{T_{i..}^{ \ 2}}{mr}-CT \end{split}\end{displaymath}$$ $$\begin{displaymath}\begin{split} S_{B} &= \sum_{i=1}^{l}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{r}(y_{.j.}-\overline{\overline{y}})^{2} \\ &= \sum_{j=1}^{m}\frac{T_{.j.}^{ \ 2}}{lr}-CT \end{split}\end{displaymath}$$ $$\begin{displaymath}\begin{split} S_{A \times B} &= \sum_{i=1}^{l}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{r}(\overline{y}_{ij.}-\overline{y}_{i..}-\overline{y}_{.j.}+\overline{\overline{y}})^{2} \\ &= S_{AB} - S_{A} - S_{B} \end{split}\end{displaymath}$$ $$\begin{displaymath}\begin{split} S_{AB} &= \sum_{i=1}^{l}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{r}(\overline{y}_{ij.}-\overline{\overline{y}})^{2} \\ &= \sum_{i=1}^{l}\sum_{j=1}^{m} \frac{T_{ij.}^{ \ 2}}{r} -CT \end{split}\end{displaymath}$$ $$\begin{displaymath}\begin{split} S_{E} &= \sum_{i=1}^{l}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{r}(y_{ijk}-\overline{y}_{ij.})^{2} \\ &= S_{T}-S_{AB} \end{split}\end{displaymath}$$ ===== 자유도 ===== $$\nu_{_{A}} = l-1$$ $$\nu_{_{B}} = m-1$$ $$\nu_{_{A \times B}} = \nu_{_{AB}} - \nu_{_{A}} - \nu_{_{B}} = (l-1)(m-1)$$ $$\nu_{_{AB}} = lm-1$$ $$\nu_{_{E}} = \nu_{_{T}} - \nu_{_{AB}}=lm(r-1)$$ $$\nu_{_{T}} = lmr-1=N-1$$ ===== 평균제곱 ===== $$V_{A} = \frac{S_{A}}{\nu_{_{A}}}$$ $$V_{B} = \frac{S_{B}}{\nu_{_{B}}}$$ $$V_{A \times B} = \frac{S_{A \times B}}{\nu_{_{A \times B}}}$$ $$V_{AB} = \frac{S_{AB}}{\nu_{_{AB}}}$$ $$V_{E} = \frac{S_{E}}{\nu_{_{E}}}$$ ===== 분산분석표 ===== ^ [[요인]] ^ [[제곱합]]\\ $SS$ ^ [[자유도]]\\ $DF$ ^ [[평균제곱]]\\ $MS$ ^ $E(MS)$ ^ $F_{0}$ ^ 기각치 ^ [[순변동]]\\ $S\acute{}$ ^ [[기여율]]\\ $\rho$ | | $$A$$ | $$S_{_{A}}$$ | $$\nu_{_{A}} = l - 1$$ | $$V_{_{A}} = S_{_{A}} / \nu_{_{A}}$$ | $$\sigma_{_{E}}^{ \ 2} + r \sigma_{_{A \times B}}^{ \ 2} + m r \ \sigma_{_{A}}^{ \ 2}$$ | $$V_{_{A}}/V_{_{A \times B}}$$ | $$F_{1-\alpha}(\nu_{_{A}} \ , \ \nu_{_{A \times B}})$$ | $$S_{_{A}}\acute{}$$ | $$S_{_{A}}\acute{} / S_{_{T}} $$ | | $$B$$ | $$S_{_{B}}$$ | $$\nu_{_{B}} = m - 1$$ | $$V_{_{B}} = S_{_{B}} / \nu_{_{B}}$$ | $$\sigma_{_{E}}^{ \ 2} + l r\ \sigma_{_{B}}^{ \ 2}$$ | $$V_{_{B}}/V_{_{E}}$$ | $$F_{1-\alpha}(\nu_{_{B}} \ , \ \nu_{_{E}})$$ | $$S_{_{B}}\acute{}$$ | $$S_{_{B}}\acute{} / S_{_{T}} $$ | | $$A \times B$$ | $$S_{_{A \times B}}$$ | $$\nu_{_{A \times B}} = (l - 1)(m - 1)$$ | $$V_{_{A \times B}} = S_{_{A \times B}} / \nu_{_{A \times B}}$$ | $$\sigma_{_{E}}^{ \ 2} + r \ \sigma_{_{A \times B}}^{ \ 2}$$ | $$V_{_{A \times B}}/V_{_{E}}$$ | $$F_{1-\alpha}(\nu_{_{A \times B}} \ , \ \nu_{_{E}})$$ | $$S_{_{A \times B}}\acute{}$$ | $$S_{_{A \times B}}\acute{} / S_{_{T}} $$ | | $$E$$ | $$S_{_{E}}$$ | $$\nu_{_{E}} = lm(r - 1)$$ | $$V_{_{E}} = S_{_{E}} / \nu_{_{E}}$$ | $$\sigma_{_{E}}^{ \ 2}$$ | | | $$S_{_{E}}\acute{} = S_{_{T}} - S_{_{A}}\acute{} - S_{_{B}}\acute{} - S_{_{A \times B}}\acute{}$$ | $$S_{_{E}}\acute{} / S_{_{T}} $$ | | $$T$$ | $$S_{_{T}}$$ | $$\nu_{_{T}} = lmr - 1$$ | | | | | $$S_{_{T}}$$ | $$1$$ | ---- * [[실험계획법]] * [[이원배치법]]